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Berthold (1865–1942) and Martha Nothmann (1874–1967) acquired Paul Cézanne’s Landscape in around 1926/27. Berthold Nothmann was director of the Huldschinsky pipe factory in Gleiwitz (now Gliwice, Poland), and became director of the Upper Silesian Steelworks Corporation after the First World War. His success enabled him to accumulate a collection of German and French art. After he retired in 1931, he and his wife moved to Berlin-Wannsee, where they remained until 1938/39, some time after the Nazis came to power. Owing to Nazi persecution, however, they ultimately fled to London to escape the threat on their lives. They sold part of their collection in order to be able to fund their journey and pay the ‘Reich flight tax’ and the ‘Jewish capital levy’ to the Nazi regime. They were able to take some works with them, which they sold while in exile to support themselves. Berthold Nothmann died in London in 1942, while Martha managed to reach the US before the war ended. In 1947, she offered some paintings to the collector Oskar Reinhart in Winterthur, writing: ‘Please excuse me for venturing to write to you so directly, but times are so hard and we had imagined that our lives would end differently.’ Cézanne’s Landscape from Martha Nothmann's collection was bought by the art dealer Fritz Nathan in the summer of 1947 in New York. He then sold it not to the Winterthur collector Oskar Reinhart, as Martha Nothmann suspected, but to Emil Bührle. The extent to which this sale constitutes a confiscation as a result of Nazi persecution will be assessed as part of the Kunsthaus Zürich’s new provenance research strategy, which includes the Emil Bührle Collection. Unquestionably, it was caused by the Nazi state’s policy of persecution and looting. However, the change of ownership did not take place in a country that was occupied by Nazi Germany or limited in its freedom to act, and only after the war ended in 1945. State of research 26.06.2024 Do you have questions, criticism, suggestions, and further information? Please send us a message to provenienzforschung(at)kunsthaus.ch.

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